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Arthroscopy is a surgical procedure in which an arthroscope with combined camera is inserted into a joint. Arthroscopy term had been derived from two Greek words, arthro-, meaning joint; and -skopein, meaning to examine.
The benefits of arthroscopy include smaller incision, faster healing, a more rapid recovery, and with less scarring. Arthroscopic surgical procedures are often performed on an outpatient basis and the patient may return home on the same day.
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Diagnosing joint injuries and disease begins with a thorough medical history, physical examination, and usually X-rays. Additional tests such as an MRI or CT scan may also be needed. Through the arthroscope, a final diagnosis is made which may be more accurate than through an “open” surgery or from X-ray studies.
All joints present on the inner side can be easily viewed with an arthroscope. The most frequently examined joints with this instrument; include the knee, shoulder, elbow, ankle, hip, and wrist. With advancement technology and continuous affords of orthopaedic surgeons, other joints may possibly be treated more frequently in the future.
Some problems associated with arthritis and several disorders can be treated with combination of arthroscopy and standard surgery.
Disease and injuries can damage bones, cartilage, ligaments, muscles, and tendons. Some of the most frequent conditions found during arthroscopic examinations of joints are:
The rotator cuff is a band of muscles that surround the joint formed by the upper arm bone or humerus and connect to the shoulder blade or scapula. The rotator cuff is stiff enough to hold the joint together, but is also flexible enough to allow the arm to reach and lift.
Rotator cuff injuries are common among baseball pitchers, tennis players, and other athletes who frequently exert an overhead throwing or swinging motion. Non-athletes who are engaged in frequent lifting or reaching activities, such as stacking cans on a high shelf, may also develop rotator cuff problems.
Most shoulder problems are the result of overuse or traumatic injury. Athletes who participate in contact sports, such as hockey or football, often suffer shoulder injuries. Frequent lifting and repetitive arm rotation can also cause wear and tear of the shoulder. Inflammatory diseases such as arthritis and bursitis may develop with time.
